Oil-cooling apparatus



0. C. FUNDERBURK. OIL COOLING-APPARATUS. APPuATloN FILED ocT.a1, 1917.

Patented June 15, 1920.

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ATH/5 0. C. FUNDERBUHK. olL COOLING APPARATUS.

.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OTIJ C. FUNDERB'URK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO MURRAY & TREGURTHA. COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification of Letters r`Patent.

Patented June 15, 1920.

Application led October 31, 1917. Serial No. 199,507.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it kpown that I, Oris C. FUNDER- BURK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Oil-Cooling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accom anying drawings.y

y invention relatesto oil cooling apparatus for use in connection with engines or the like and has for its object an improved apparatus of this type which is arranged to effectively cool the oil passing through it so that the oil is always maintained at the proper temperature. The apparatus embodying my invention combines a maximum of radiating surface with a minimum of yoil flow and is so arranged that the oil may readily pass through without any tendency to selective How so that all the oil is cooled uniformly and maintained at theproper temperature. l have found lthat much of the Adiiiculty experienced in the past has been occasioned by the tendency of the oil to flow faster through one portion of the cooling apparatus than through another portion. When this occurs most of the oil passing through the cooler travels along the path of least resistance where the smallest cooling effect is obtained so that the oil leaves the cooler without beingl properly cooled. The device embodying my invention is arranged to overcome this diiiy invention will be fully understood from the following description when taken in connection with the accom anying drawings and the 'novel features t ereof will be pointed out and clearly defined in the claims at the close of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation in section of the device embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is' a section taken on line 3-3 of Having reference to the drawings, there is shown a cooling apparatus embodying my invention which consists of a casing or container 11 having a bottom 12 with an inlet water connection 13 and having a cover 14 with oil pipe connections 15 and 16 and a water pipe connection 17. The cover 14 1s detachably connected with the casing 11 by sultable head screws 18.

Vlthin the container 11 is a core which consists of an upper manifold 19 and of a lower manifold 20, which are connected in a manner to be described, and are arrangedv to it loosely within the container 11. The upper manifold 19 has a series of radiating ins 21 arranged about' its periphery, and the lower manifold 2O has a series of radiating fins 22 which are alsoarranged about its periphery. The radiating fins 21 and 22 operate both as radiating members to help cool th oil which passes through the core, in a manner to' be described, and also as spacers. rlhe radiating fins 22 on the lower manifold 20 are adapted to rest against the bottom 12 of the container 11 and to act as supporting members for the core.

' The upper manifold 19 is preferably cast in the shape shown and is provided with an inlet oil chamber .23 and with an outlet oil chamber 30 of the shape shown in Fig. 2. The chamber 23 has an opening 24 at one side directly beneath the oil connection 15 within which an inlet pipe 25 is threaded and has a plurality of outlet openings 26, preferably three in number, with which pipe coils 27, 28 and 29 are connected. The outlet oil chamber 30 has an outlet opening 31, which is arranged directly beneath the outlet connection 16 in the cover, linto which an outlet pipe 32 is threaded. At one side of the chamber 30, in its lower wall, is an inlet opening 33 with which a stand pipe 34 is connected, and above the inlet opening 33 is an opening 35 to which a stand pipe 36 is connected. Outside of the chambers 23 and 30 is a header chamber 37 which is formed about the periphery of the manifold 19, as shown in ,Fig. 2, and is separated from the chambers 23 and 30 by partition walls 38 and 39 respectively. The

lower wall of the chamber 37 has a plurality Between the oil chambers 44 and 45 is a chamber 42 which communicates with the chamber 45 and a chamber 41 which communicates with the chamber 44. The chamber 41 has openings 6 which are similar to the opening 26 in the chamber 23 with which the lower end of the pipe coils 27, 28 and 29 connect. The chamber 42 has an outlet opening 47, for connection with the lower end of the stand pipe 34, and an opening 48 with which the lower end of the stand pipe 36 is connected. The upper wall of the chambers 44 and 45 has a plurality of holes 49 and 5 respectively which correspond in size to the holes in the lower wall of the chamber 37 and are preferably located so that they are directly under them.

s referred to above the chamber 23 is connected with the chamber 41 by three coil pipes 2T, 28 and 29. rlhe coil pipes 27, 28 and 29 are located in the central portion of the container core, as shown, and are formed in a spiral about the stand pipe 34. @wing .to this arrangement the length of the outer coil 2T is greater than that of the intermediate coil 28, and the length of the intermediate coil 28 is greater than that of the inner coil 29. ln order that any tendencyv to selective flow may be prevented, the outer coil 27 is of greater diameter than the intermediate coil 28, and the latter is of greater diameter than the inner coil 29. By this arrangement the resistance offered to the flow of oil through the outer coil 2T is less than that offered to the flow of oil through the intermediate coil 28, which is in turn less than that through the inner coil 29. By this construction there is no -tendency for the oil to select a particular coil so that all of the oil passing through the coils receives an equal amount of cooling effect 1n a manner more fully hereinafter to be descrlbed.

The chamber 41 in the lower manifold is connected with the chamber 23 in the upper manifold by a plurality of finned oil tubes 50 and also by a plurality of double shell tubes 51 which are connected with the holes 40 and 49 in the upper and lower 'manif folds respectively. The lin tubes 50 are provided with a spiral lin 52 which surroundsI the periphery of the tube for its entire length. The fin 52 may be of any heat transmitting material such as copper or the like and operates to increase materially the radiating surface of the tubes without adding to the length of the oil flow. I regard this as an important feature of my invention as will be fully set forth in connection with the description of the operation of the device. The inner shell 53 of each of the tubes 51 provides a passage for the water and forms an annular oil passage through the tubes 51. They are connected at their upper ends with suitable openings in the upper Wall of the chamber 37 and at their lower ends with openings in the lower wall of the chamber 44. Finned tubes 54, which are provided with fins 55 similar to the fins 52, connect the chamber 45 with the chamber 3l' and double shelled tubes 56 similar to the tubes 51 also connect the chamber 45 nection 13, at the bottom of the container,

may'pass around the oil chambers in the lower manifold, by the oil pipe coils 27, 28 and 29 in the center of the core, and out around the chambers in the upper manifold 19 to the outlet connection 1T. A portion of the water also flows through the stand pipe 26. The fins 21 and 22 which are spaced as'shown in Figs. 2 and 3, permit another portion of the water from the inlet connection 13 to pass upwardly along the finned tubes 50 and thence out to the outlet connection 17. The water tubes 53 located with in the oiltubes 51 also form passages for the water so that oil which passes through the finned tubes 50 and through the annular passages in the tubes 51 is cooled by the water which circulates by them.

In order to take care of the expansion and contraction of the metal parts due to changes in temperature the manifold 19 is arranged so that it may move freely relatively to the container 11. F or this purpose the oil inlet pipe 25 and the oil outlet pipe 32 pass through stuffing boxes in the connections 15 and 16 which consist of a threaded collar 60 and suitable packing material 61. By this arrangement the pipes 25 and 32 may move with the manifold 19 relatively to the cover 14 and the partsare not subjected to any undue strain which would be apt to result in leakage. i

It will be seen from the drawings that the total capacity of the three oil pipes 27, 28 and 29 which connect the upper chamber 23 with the lower chamber 41 is less than the total capacity of all the oil pipes 34, 40 and 51 which connect the lower chamber 41 with the upper chamber 37 with which the outlet oil pipe 32 is connected, so that the capacity of the oil carrying pipes is less at the inlet end of the cooler than it is at the outlet end. As is well known to those skilled in the art, the viscosity of oil increases as its temperature falls, and the rate of How for a given head and a tube of given cross section diminishes as the viscosity increases.

Accordingly, by making the total capacity of the oil carrying tubes greater at the discharge end of the cooler than at the inlet end Where the oil is hot, the rate of flow through the cooler will be more uniform and the capacity of the cooler will not be limited by the rate of flow of cooled oil through the pipes as Would lbe 4the caseif the pipes were of the same total cross section at the outlet as at the inlet end.

The operation of the device is as follows: The oil inlet pipe 25 and the oil outlet pipe 32 are connected With the oil line of the engine or apparatus in connection With which the cooler is used so that oil enters the pipe 25 and after passing through the cooler goes out by the pipe 32. The Water inlet connection 13 is connected With a Water supply so that Water passes in through the connection 13 and out through the outlet connection 17.

The device in question is particularly adapt ed to be used in connection With internal combustion motors and When so used may be connected both With the oil and Water circulating systems of the engine. It may however be used in any other connection desired.

The water from the inlet connection 13 passes into the container beneath the manifold 20 and flows through the core as described above. In this Way; Water circulation is continually taking place over the coils 27, 28 and 29 through the finned stand pipeV 26, by the iin tubes 50 and 54 and through v the tubes 51 and 56. The fins 52 and 55 andl feet Without increaslng the length of oil flowf I regard this feature of my invention as important for I am enabled to produce a maximum of radiating surface With a minimum of oil fiovv thereby greatly increasing the capacity of the cooler.

The oil from the inlet pipe 25 passes into the chamber'23 in the upper manifold 19 and thence into the oil coil pipes 27, 28 and 29 and through them into the chamber 41. In going through the coils the hottest portion of the oil in each coil is continually swept to the outside of the coil by centrifugal force so that it travels over the largest amount of radiating surface and therefore is subjected to a greater cooling action than the oil which is at the inner portion of the coil. As the oil travels through the coils it has a vortex motion and when it arrives at the chamber 41 it is delivered at once into the chamber 44' and gets an annular motion. Any selection which is made by the flow will not correspond to the tube construction for the tubes 50 and 51 are set on different centers. In order to prevent a spiral flow in the fin tubes 50 owing to the fins 52 which surround them, the tube 53 is employed. The lovver end of the tube 53 passes through the chamber 44 and forms a pillar which prevents the oil from flowing spirally into the' pipe 50. After passing through vthe pipes 50 and 51 the oil flows into the chamber 37 and passing over tothe opposite side of the chamber 37 enters the tubes 56 and 54. The tubes 56 and 54 form passages for the oil to the chamber 45 and thence to the chamber 42, any tendency for a spiral vortex being broken up by the upper end of the tube 57 which forms a pillar in the chamber 37. The oil then passes out through the annular passage in the stand pipe 34 around the Water lin tube' 36, into the chamber 30, and out through the outlet 32. It will thus be noted that the oil cannot short circuit and get through the apparatus Without going the entire rounds and that it cannot select its flow, but that it must flow through the Whole circulating system and be subjected to the prescribed amount of cooling surface. Thus all the oil passing through the cooler is subjected to an equal amount of cooling surface and is reduced to the required temperature.

What I, claim is: n

1. The improved oil cooler comprising a container having inlet andoutlet Water connections and inlet and outlet oil connections, a core Within said container which consists of a pair of manifolds one of which is provided With an arcuate chamber and the other lof which is provided with a pair of' arcuate chambers, a plurality of tubes connecting each of said arcuate chambers in one manifold With the arcuate chamber in the other manifold, a fluid connection from the inlet oil connection and from the outlet oil connection to each of the said pair of arcuate chambers, said tubes and fluid connections being subjected to a circulation of Water through said container.

2. he improved oil cooler comprising a container having an inlet and outlet Water connection, a core Within the container which consistsof a pair of manifolds one of which is provided with an arcuate chamber and the other of which. is provided With a pair of arcuate chambers, a series of concentric tubes connecting each of the said arcuate chambers in one manifold With the arcuate chamber in the other manifold, said coils of tubes being of varying lengths and of varying diameters, and a fluid connection from each of said pair of arcuate chambers With the said oil inlet and the said oil outlet connections respectively, said tube coils and uid connections being subjected to a circulation of Water through the container. l

3. he improved oil cooler comprising a container having inlet and outlet Water connections and inlet and outlet oil connections, a core Within the container which consists of a pair ofvmanifolds one of which has an l thereon which connect each of said arcuate chambers in one manifold with the said arcuate chamber in the other manifold, and a Huid connection between each of said pair of arcuate chambers and the inlet oil and outlet oil connections respectively,- saidA the inner shell of the double shell tubes i which connect one chamber of the pair of arcuate chambers in one manifold with the arcuate chamber in the other manifold being extended through said first mentioned arcuate chamber and the inner shell of the double shell tube which connects the other chamber of the pair of arcuate chambers in one manifold with the arcuate chamber in the other manifold being extended through the last mentioned arcuate chamber to form pillarsA therein, and fluid connections between each of the pair of arcuate chambers and the inlet and outlet oil connections respectively, said tubes and iiuid connections being subjected to a circulation of water` throu h the container.

5. 'ghe improved oil cooler comprising a container having inlet and outlet water'connections and'inlet and outlet oil connections, a core within the container which consists of a pair of manifolds one of which is provided With an arcuate chamber and with an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, a iiuid connection between said inlet chamber and said inlet oil connection, a iiuid connection between said inlet chamber and said outlet connection, the other of said manifolds being provided with a pair of arcuate chambers, a plurality of coil tubes connecting one chamber of said pair of said arcuate A chambers with said inlet chamber, and a double shelled stand pipe connecting the other chamber of said pair of arcuate chambers with the said outlet chamber, the inner Maase@ shell of said double shelled stand pipe forming a passage for water and having an inner periphery with ins thereon, and a plurality of tubes connecting each chamber of said pair of arcuate chambers in one manifold with the arcuate chamber in the other manifold, said tubes and coil pipes being subjected to a circulation of water through the container.

6. rlhe improved cooler for a viscous Huid comprising manifolds containing three chambers, connected by pipes, the total cross sectional area of the pipes connecting the first and second chambers being less than the-total cross sectional area of the pipes connecting the second and third chambers so that the rate of flow of the fluid to be cooled may not be diminished bythe increased viscosity of the cooleroil.

7. The improved cooler for a viscous fluid comprising a shell, manifolds within the shell containing an inlet, an outlet and an intermediate chamber, pipes connecting the said chambers, the total cross sectional area of the pipes connecting the inlet and the intermediate chambers, being less than that of the pipes connecting the intermediate with the outlet chamber.

8. The improved cooler for a viscous fluid comprising a shell to contain the cooling fluid, manifolds containing an inlet and an outlet chamber at one end of the shell, an intermediate chamber at the other end of the shell, groups of pipes connecting the said chambers, the total cross section of the pipes connecting the inlet and intermediate chambers being less than that of those conlecting the intermediate and outlet chamers.

9. The improved cooler for a viscous-duid comprising a shell to contain the cooling fluid, a manifold containing an inlet and. an outlet chamber at one end of the shell, an intermediate manifold at the other end of the shell, a group of spirally arranged pipes connecting the inlet chamber with the intermediate manifold, anda group of straight 'pipes concentrically arranged with regard to the axes of said group ofspiral pipes, and connecting said intermediate manifold with said outlet chamber.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

@TIS C. FUNDERBURK.

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